Silesian University of Technology , Institute of Measurem ent Science , E lectronics and C ontrol , G liw ice

نویسنده

  • Artur Skórkowski
چکیده

− T h e cap aci t an ce can b e cal cu l at ed f r o m t h e i m p edan ce m o du l u s v al u e o f t h e o b j ect u n der t est . I t i s p o ssi b l e, i f a t w o -t er m i n al n et w o r k i s r ep r esen t ed b y a ser i es co n n ect i o n o f a r esi st o r an d a cap aci t o r an d t h e r eact an ce o f t h e cap aci t o r i s co n si der ab l y gr eat er t h an t h e r esi st an ce ( e.g. i n a l o w -l o ss cap aci t o r ) . I n t h i s case t h e er r o r o f t h e ap p r o x i m at i o n can b e o m i t t ed. A v i r t u al r eal i z at i o n o f su ch m et er h as b een p r esen t ed i n t h e p ap er . T h i s o n e sh o w s t h e i dea o f t h e si gn al p r o cessi n g i n t h e q u asi -b al an ced ci r cu i t . Q u asi -b al an ced ci r cu i t s ar e t h e A C ci r cu i t s desi gn at ed f o r i m p edan ce co m p o n en t m easu r em en t s. S i m i l ar as t h e b al an ced ci r cu i t s, t h e q u asi -b al an ced ci r cu i t s h av e a sp eci al st at u s cal l ed a q u asi -b al an ce st at u s. T h i s i s u su al l y a p h ase sh i f t b et w een t w o sel ect ed si gn al s o f t h e ci r cu i t s. T h e ci r cu i t i s dr i v en t o t h e q u asi -b al an ce st at u s b y co n t r o l l i n g o f o n l y o n e v ar i ab l e el em en t an d t h en t h e v al u e o f t h e m easu r ed i m p edan ce co m p o n en t can b e cal cu l at ed u si n g t h e adj u st ed v al u e o f t h e v ar i ab l e el em en t . T h e m et er h as b een b u i l t w i t h t h e ap p l i cat i o n o f t h e dat a acq u i si t i o n car d U S B N I -60 0 9, w h i ch h as b een co n t r o l l ed b y a so f t w ar e p r o gr am m ed i n t h e L ab V I E W en v i r o n m en t . K e y w o rd s: cap aci t an ce m easu r em en t , q u asi -b al an ced ci r cu i t s. 1 . I N T R O D U C T I O N M o du l u s i m p edan ce m easu r em en t s ar e p er f o r m ed i n p r act i ce r at h er ex cep t i o n al l y . I n so m e cases h o w ev er su ch m easu r em en t can b e go o d ch o i ce. E . g. i f u n der t est i s an i m p edan ce o b j ect o f si gn i f i can t l y di f f er en t co m p o n en t s ( as a cap aci t o r w i t h a sm al l di el ect r i c l o ss f act o r o r an i n du ct o r w i t h a sm al l Q f act o r ) i n st ead o f t h e m ai n i m p edan ce co m p o n en t t h e i m p edan ce m o du l u s can b e m easu r ed. I n su ch case t h e ap p l i cat i o n o f a q u asi -b al an ced ci r cu i t can b e r egar ded. T h e m et h o d f i r st w as i m p l em en t ed i n a q u asi b al an ced p assi v e m easu r i n g ci r cu i t s. N o w t h e m et h o d i s i m p l em en t ed al so i n act i v e m easu r i n g ci r cu i t s [ 1 , 2], b u t m o r e an d m o r e f r eq u en t l y al so i n v i r t u al ci r cu i t s [ 5 , 6]. T h e q u asi -b al an ced ci r cu i t s f o r i m p edan ce co m p o n en t m easu r em en t s h av e sev er al adv an t ageo u s f eat u r es. C o n t r ar y t o ci r cu i t s u si n g t h e b al an ced m et h o d t h e co n v er gen ce p r o b l em i s ab sen t w h en t h e q u asi -b al an ce m et h o d i s u sed. T h e ci r cu i t eq u i l i b r i u m st at e t h er e i s ach i ev ed b y m ean s o f set t i n g o n l y o n e co n t r o l el em en t . W h at ’ s m o r e: 1 ° t h e sen si t i v i t y o f q u asi -b al an ced ci r cu i t gr o w s w i t h f r eq u en cy decr ease, 2° n o i n du ct i v e el em en t s ar e n eeded i n t h e ci r cu i t st r u ct u r e, so i t can b e u sed f o r m easu r em en t s i n t h e V L F f r eq u en cy b an d ( sev er al h er t z o r ev en p ar t s o f h er t z ) , 3° al go r i t h m i c p h ase-sen si t i v e det ect o r s al l o w t o sh o r t en t h e det ect i o n t i m e t o su b -m u l t i p l e o f t h e si gn al p er i o d. T h e m easu r em en t i n t h e q u asi -b al an ced ci r cu i t n eeds a si gn i f i can t l y sh o r t er m easu r i n g t i m e i n co m p ar i so n w i t h o t h er m easu r i n g m et h o ds. A n i m p l em en t at i o n o f t h e q u asi -b al an ce m et h o d f o r t h e cap aci t an ce m easu r em en t i s p r esen t ed i n t h e p ap er . P ar t i cu l ar l y i n st ead o f t h e cap aci t an ce t h e i m p edan ce m o du l u s i s m easu r ed b y t h e u se o f p r o gr am m ed p r o cessi n g o f t h e m easu r em en t si gn al s. M ai n ai m o f t h e w o r k w as ch eck i n g o f t h e m easu r em en t i dea. P r el i m i n ar y t est r esu l t s w i l l b e u sed f o r t h e ci r cu i t co n st r u ct i o n desi gn ed f o r a i m p edan ce m o du l u s m easu r em en t i n t h e V L F f r eq u en cy b an d. 2 . E R R O R O F T H E M E AS U R E M E N T M E T H O D T h e r eal cap aci t an ce v al u e i s co n n ect ed w i t h t h e i m agi n ar y co m p o n en t X Z Im o f t h e i m p edan ce X Z u n der t est . I f t h e ser i es eq u i v al en t ci r cu i t R C r ep r esen t s t h e o b j ect , t h e f o l l o w i n g eq u at i o n def i n es t h e cap aci t an ce t o b e m easu r ed:

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تاریخ انتشار 2009